Unit 16
I. Read the text:
Design team
The modern trend in design is toward integration of previously separated specialties, especially among large firms. In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be entirely separate companies, even in the larger firms. Presently, a firm that is nominally an "architecture" or "construction management" firm may have experts from all related fields as employees, or to have an associated company that provides each necessary skill. Thus, each such firm may offer itself as "one-stop shopping" for a construction project, from beginning to end.
Several project structures can assist the owner in this integration, including design-build, partnering, and construction management. In general, each of these project structures allows the owner to integrate the services of architects, interior designers, engineers, and constructors throughout design and construction. In response, many companies are growing beyond traditional offerings of design or construction services alone, and are placing more emphasis on establishing relationships with other necessary participants through the design-build process.
The increasing complexity of construction projects creates the need for design professionals trained in all phases of the project's life-cycle and develop an appreciation of the building as an advanced technological system requiring close integration of many sub-systems and their individual components, including sustainability. Building engineering is an emerging discipline that attempts to meet this new challenge.
II. Find English equivalents in the text:
проектная группа - _________________________________________
современная тенденция - ________________________________
ранее разобщенные специальности - _________________________________
главный подрядчик - ________________________________
специалисты по дизайну интерьеров - ________________________________
совершенно разные компании - _______________________________________
заказчик-застройщик - _______________________________
дочерняя компания - __________________________________
из всех родственных областей - ________________________________
необходимый навык - ________________________________
несколько схем проекта - ________________________________
управление строительством - _________________________________
на всем протяжении создания проекта и строительства - __________________
традиционные предложения - __________________________________
строительные услуги - ______________________________
придают большее значение - ___________________________________
другие необходимые участники - __________________________________
процесс проектирование-строительство - ______________________________
возрастающая сложность - ________________________________
профессионал проектировщик - ___________________________________
продолжительность проекта - __________________________________
оценка строительства - ___________________________________
строительство гражданских зданий - ________________________________
развивающаяся отрасль - _______________________________________
передовая технологическая система - __________________________________
III. Give Russian equivalents to the following:
integration - ____________________________
among large firms - ____________________________
developer - __________________________
more likely - ___________________________
employee - _____________________
can assist - ________________________________
partnering - ____________________________________
in general - _______________________
to integrate the services - ___________________________________
throughout design - __________________________________
in response - ______________________
establishing relationships - _______________________________________
individual components - ________________________________
including sustainability - __________________________________
to meet this new challenge - ________________________________________
attempt - __________________________
IV. Translate the text and say whether these statements are true or false:
1. Previously, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers and specialties like that were integrated companies.
2. Presently, experts from all related fields are more likely to be separated specialties.
3. An architecture or construction management firm may be a one-stop shopping firm for a construction project.
4. A project structure includes design-build, partnering and construction management.
5. The owner uses the services of architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors before the construction.
6. Many companies are growing thanks to traditional offerings of design or construction services alone.
7. Construction projects need project professionals.
8. Building engineering requires close integration of many sub-systems.
V. Choose the right variant:
1. The modern trend in design is toward integration of previously separated specialties, …
а) Современная тенденция в проектировании по направлению к объединению ранее разделяла специальности, …
б) Современная тенденция в проектировании направлена на объединение ранее разобщенных специальностей, …
в) Современная тенденция в дизайне направлена на интегрирование и раньше делила специальности, …
2. … and general constructors were more likely to be entirely separate companies …
а) … и главные подрядчики больше всего предпочитали отдельные компании
б) … и главные подрядчики были более или менее самостоятельными компаниями …
в) … и главные подрядчики были вероятнее всего полностью самостоятельными компаниями …
3. … many companies are growing beyond traditional offerings of design or construction services alone, …
а) … многие компании растут благодаря традиционным предложениям услуг проектирования или строительства, …
б) … многие компании растут не только благодаря традиционным предложениям услуг проектирования и строительства, …
в) … многие компании, растущие сверх традиционных предложений дизайна или конструкции, служат только, …
4. … creates the need for design professionals trained in all phases of the project’s life-cycle …
а) … нуждается в профессиональных проектировщиках, прошедших обучение на всех этапах проекта …
б) … создает необходимость для проектировщиков профессионалов обучаться на всех стадиях проекта …
в) … нуждается в дизайнерах профессионально обученных на всех стадиях проекта …
5. … develop an appreciation of the building as an advanced technological system requiring close integration of many sub-systems …
а) … совершенствование оценки здания как передовой технологической системы требует тесной интеграции многих под-систем …
б) … совершенствование оценки строительства как передовой технологической системы требующей тесной интеграции многих под-систем
в) … совершенствование оценки строительства как передовой технологической системы тесно связанной со многими под-системами …
VI. Continue the sentence:
1. Architects, interior designers, engineers, developers and construction managers …
a) … are separated now.
b) … were previously integrated specialties.
c) … were separate companies in the past.
2. Many companies are growing …
a) … thanks to traditional offerings of design or construction services alone.
b) … thanks to establishing relationships with other necessary participants.
c) … thanks to experts from all related fields.
3. The increasing complexity of construction projects creates the need …
a) … for design professionals trained in all phases of the design’s life-cycle.
b) … for building professionals trained in all phases of the project’s life-cycle.
c) … for design professionals trained in all phases of the project’s life-cycle
4. An “architecture” or “construction management” firm may offer …
a) … the owner to integrate the services of architects, interior designers, engineers, and constructors throughout design and construction.
b) … its services for a construction project from beginning to end.
c) … the owner to establish relationships with other necessary participants through the design-build process.
VII. a) Complete the table:
|
Noun |
Verb |
Adjective |
|
separation |
- |
- |
|
- |
- |
assisted |
|
association |
- |
- |
|
- |
offer |
- |
|
allowance |
- |
- |
|
- |
- |
emerging |
|
creation |
- |
- |
|
- |
emphasize |
- |
|
training |
- |
- |
b) Choose the word from the table to complete the sentence:
1. Building engineering is an … discipline that attempts to meet this new challenge.
2. Construction projects need design professionals … in all phases of the project’s life-cycle.
3. Many companies are growing beyond traditional … of design or construction services alone.
4. An “architecture” or “construction management” firm may have an … company that provides each necessary skill.
5. Many companies are placing more … on establishing relationships with other necessary participants through the design-build process.
6. The increasing complexity of construction projects … the need for design professionals.
7. Each of these project structures … the owner to integrate the services of architects, interior designers, engineers, and constructors throughout design and construction.
8. The modern trend in design is toward integration of previously … specialties.
9. Several project structures can … the owner in this integration.
VIII. Scan the text and answer the questions:
1. What kind of companies were architects, interior designers, developers, construction managers and general contractors in the past?
2. What is the modern trend in design?
3. Who can assist the owner in this integration?
4. What kind of experts may an “architecture” or “construction management” firm have presently?
5. What does each of these project structures allow the owner?
6. Are many companies growing thanks to traditional offerings of design or construction services?
7. Whom do construction projects need?
8. What does building as an advanced technological system require?
9. Is building engineering an emerging discipline?
Grammar revision:
1. Explain the grammar phenomena underlined in the text.
2. Put questions to the following sentences.
1. Archimedes was the greatest mathematician of antiquity. (Who)
2. She studies by correspondence. (How)
3. We solved all the equations yesterday. What)
4. They will write a test tomorrow. (When)
5. She had to wait so as to work at the laboratory of the institute. (Why)
3. Open the brackets.
1. There are many cases when one type of energy (to transform) into another.
2. We (to continue) the experiment if we take all the necessary precautions.
3. This number (to satisfy) the given equation.
4. These data (to test) by our engineers at the laboratory tomorrow.
5. A circle can (to inscribe) in any regular polygon.