Unit 12
I. Read the text:
Building construction
Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property. The vast majority of building construction projects are small renovations, such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom. Often, the owner of the property acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project. However, all building construction projects include some elements in common - design, financial, and legal considerations. Many projects of varying sizes reach undesirable end results, such as structural collapse, cost overruns; those with experience in the field make detailed plans and maintain careful oversight during the project to ensure a positive outcome.
For projects of large size and/or unusual type, the owner will likely establish a team of workers and advisors to create an overall plan. This ensures that the project will proceed in an orderly way to a desirable end. While no set list would establish what is needed or advisable for a particular project, frequently used advisors include mortgage bankers, accountants, lawyers, insurance brokers, architects, and engineers. While their roles overlap, each area of expertise addresses an element of what will be affected by the building construction project.
II. Find English equivalents in the text:
жилищное строительство - _____________________________________
объект недвижимости - _______________________________
реконструкция ванной комнаты - ______________________________
подсобный рабочий - ____________________________
заказчик - __________________
весь объект (строительства) - _________________________________
правовые особенности - ________________________________
обрушение сооружения - ________________________________
перерасход финансовых средств - ________________________________
четкий контроль - __________________________________
разрабатывать генеральный план - __________________________________
организованно (организованным порядком) - __________________________
определенный список - ______________________
страховой агент (брокер) - ____________________________
ипотечный банкир (банковский работник) - ____________________________
совпадать - __________________________
специальные знания - __________________________________
III. Give Russian equivalents to the following:
a vast majority - _________________________________
the owner of the property - _________________________________
design team - _____________________________
a varying size - __________________________________
an undesirable end result - __________________________________
detailed plans - ___________________________
to maintain - _______________________
to ensure a positive outcome - ________________________________
to establish a team of workers - ________________________________
a particular project - __________________________________
an accountant - ___________________________
frequently - _____________________
IV. Translate the text and say whether these statements are true or false:
1. Building construction concerns adding structure to real property.
2. A small renovation often includes addition of a room, renovation of a bathroom and things like that.
3. The construction engineer usually acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project.
4. Many projects of varying sizes reach desirable end results.
5. Those with experience in the field make it possible to ensure a positive outcome.
6. For projects of large size the owner creates an overall plan himself.
7. A group of advisors establish a set list of what is needed for a particular project.
V. Choose the right variant:
1. Many projects of varying sizes reach undesirable end results …
а) Многие проекты различных размеров достигают нежелательного результата …
б) Многие объекты различных размеров приводят к нежелательным конечным результатам …
в) Многие объекты больших размеров достигают результатов, которые являются нежелательными …
2. This ensures that the project will proceed …
а) Это обеспечивает сохранность проекту и будет продолжать …
б) Это гарантирует проекту продолжение …
в) Ото гарантирует, что проект будет продвигаться …
3. While no set list would establish what is needed …
а) Так как установленный перечень всего необходимого не утвержден …
б) Пока установленный список всего того, что необходимо не будет утвержден …
в) Так как ни один список необходимых вещей не установлен …
4. … frequently used advisors include mortgage bankers, accountants, …
а) зачастую пользовались консультантами, включая ипотечных банкиров, бухгалтеров, …
б) … часто использованные консультанты включают ипотечных банковских работников, бухгалтеров, …
в) … в число часто используемых консультантов входят ипотечные банковские работники, бухгалтера, …
5. … each area of expertise addresses an element of what will be affected …
а) … каждая область специальных знаний направлена на элемент, который будет оказывать влияние на …
б) … каждая сфера знаний адресуется отдельному элементу, который подвержен влиянию …
в) … каждая область специальных знаний и опыта связана с отдельным элементом, на который будет оказывать влияние …
VI. Continue the sentence:
1. The owner of the property often acts as …
a) a construction engineer.
b) a manager.
c) a laborer.
2. This ensures that the project will proceed in an orderly way to …
a) an undesirable end result.
b) a desirable end.
c) a negative outcome.
3. All building construction projects include …
a) small renovations.
b) financial and legal considerations.
c) cost overruns.
4. A team of workers and advisors is established to deal with …
a) addition of a room.
b) projects of large size and unusual type.
c) renovation of a bathroom.
5. Mortgage bankers, accountants, lawyers, insurance brokers, architects and engineers make up …
a) a team of workers for a particular project.
b) a team of design workers for a particular projects.
c) a team of frequently used advisors for a particular projects.
VII. Complete the table:
|
Noun |
Verb |
Adjective |
|
- |
major |
- |
|
- |
- |
renovated |
|
- |
finance |
- |
|
desire |
- |
- |
|
- |
detail |
- |
|
- |
- |
addressed |
|
advice |
- |
- |
b) Choose the word from the table to complete the sentence:
1. All building construction projects include design, … and legal considerations.
2. The vast … of building construction projects are small renovations.
3. A team of workers and advisors create an overall plan to ensure that the project will proceed in an orderly way to a … end.
4. Those with experience in the field make … plans and maintain careful oversight during the project.
5. A set list of what is needed or … for a particular project should be established.
6. Each area of expertise … an element of what will be affected by the building construction project.
7. A building construction project sometimes includes addition of a room or … of a bathroom.
VIII. Scan the text and answer the questions:
1. What does building construction deal with?
2. What does a small renovation usually include?
3. How does the owner of the property usually act?
4. What do all building construction projects include?
5. What do many projects of varying sizes sometimes reach?
6. Why should careful oversight be maintained during the project?
7. What will the owner likely establish a team of workers and advisors for?
8. What ensures that the project will proceed in an orderly way to a desirable end?
9. Whom do frequently used advisors include?
10. Do their roles overlap?
11. What does each area of expertise address?
Grammar revision:
1. Explain the grammar phenomena underlined in the text.
2. Put questions to the following sentences.
1. We met the chief of the expedition yesterday. (When)
2. To fulfill this task was not easy. (general)
3. This discovery will produce great changes in the field of electronics. (Where)
4. The gun recoils in the opposite direction. (How)
5. The results of the research must be presented next Monday. (when)
3. Open the brackets.
1. All these problems (to solve) with the help of computing machines before we obtained the final results.
2. Newton (to develop) a mathematical method indispensable in all questions concerning motion.
3. You (to learn) how to solve such problems if you study hard.
4. A rocket (to be able) to travel in space where there is no air.
5. Astrophysicists (to study) the structure of galaxies for a long time.