UNIT 3
|
Grammar:
Texts: |
1. The Present Continuous Tense 2. Indefinite Pronouns 1. «Frank’s Day» 2. «A Letter to A Friend» 3. «Bye-bye, Nancy» |
Text One
Frank’s Day
It is 7.30. Frank is having breakfast and listening to some music on the radio. His wife Alice is carrying a tray with some coffee on it.
It is 11.30. Alice and her friends are having morning coffee. They are talking about their husbands.
It is 12 o’clock. Frank is eating in the factory canteen. A lot of men are standing in a queue. They are waiting for their lunch. It is raining outside.
Frank and his friends are still having a break. They are standing and talking about a football match this evening.
It is 8 o’clock in the evening. Frank and Alice are at home. Frank is watching television but his wife and his daughter Susan are not. Susan is reading and her mother is writing. Frank is watching a football match.
It is 11 o’clock. Susan is talking to Tom. He is phoning from Paris. «Are you having a good time? What’s the weather like? Is it raining?» she wants to know. Frank and his wife are still watching television. «Who is she talking to?» Frank is asking.
Text Two
A Letter to A Friend
Tina’s mother is writing a letter to a friend. I’m sitting on the beach, eating an ice-cream. Tina and Jack are swimming in the sea and Max is in the park, playing with a friend. Tom’s listening to the radio and reading.
We’re having a fantastic holiday. Abercwm is a little fishing village in North Wales with a park, a castle, some Roman remains and some lovely gardens, and there’s a little fishing port with a lighthouse. Everybody here is really friendly. I think we are lucky. This is our second holiday this year and we’re doing just what we want to do: sleeping, eating and playing games. The food is lovely too.
Text Three
Bye-bye, Nancy
Harold: Good morning, Nancy.
Nancy: Oh, hello, Harold.
Harold: How are you?
Nancy: Very well, thank you. How are you?
Harold: Fine, thanks.
Nancy: What are you doing, Harold?
Harold: Well, I am walking along the street at the moment.
Nancy: Yes, I see. But where are you coming from?
Harold: I am coming from Downing Street. Where are you going?
Nancy: I am going to the hospital.
Harold: To Charring Cross Hospital?
Nancy: Yes. I must be there at half past 12.
Harold: What time is it now?
Nancy: Listen. There’s Big Ben. Let’s count.
Harold: Yes, let’s.
Nancy: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12. It’s twelve o’clock.
Harold: Are you going by bus, Nancy?
Nancy: Yes. I am waiting for a number 24.
Harold: What are those people doing there?
Nancy: They are standing at the bus stop.
Harold: Are they also waiting for a bus?
Nancy: That’s right. Oh, there’s a bus coming already.
Harold: It’s a number 24. Is that your bus, Nancy?
Nancy: Yes, it is. Bye, Harold.
Harold: Bye-bye, Nancy.
Conductor: Hurry along, please.
Nancy: Is this bus going to Charring Cross Road, please?
Conductor: Yes, Miss. That’s right.
Nancy: Thank you.
Conductor: On top only. Seats on top. Fares, please.
Nancy: A four penny, please.
Conductor: Thank you.
Notes. Forms and Patterns.
1. The Present Continuous
|
I am (I’m) eating you are (you’re) eating he/she/it is (he’s, she’s, it’s) eating we are (we’re) eating you are (you’re) eating they are (they’re) eating |
am I eating? are you eating? is he eating? are we eating? are you eating? are they eating? |
I am (I’m) not eating you are not (aren’t) eating she is not (isn’t) eating we are not (aren’t) eating you are not (aren’t) eating they are not (aren’t) eating |
(b) We use the Present Continuous:
1. to express an activity happening now.
e.g. They’re playing football in the garden now
She can’t answer the phone because she’s washing her hair
2. to express an activity happening around now, but perhaps not at the moment of speaking.
e.g. She’s studying Maths at the University.
I’m reading a good book by Henry James.
3. to express a planned future arrangement.
e.g. I’m meeting Miss Boyd at ten o’clock tomorrow.
He’s starting French lessons next week.
(с) We use the following time expressions with the Present Continuous:
|
1) at the/this moment at present now right now |
2) this week today |
3) next week tomorrow |
(d) Spelling of -ing forms.
|
Most verbs: |
work - working wait - waiting |
|
Verbs ending in -e: |
take - taking come - coming |
|
Verbs ending in one stressed vowel + one consonant |
get - getting sit - sitting |
|
Verbs ending in -ie: |
lie - lying die - dying |
(e) Types of questions.
|
This bus is going to Charring Cross Road. |
1. Is this bus going to Charring Cross Road? 2. Is this bus oing to Charring Cross Road or to Trafalgar Square? 3. Where is this bus going to? 4. This bus is going to Charring Cross Road, isn’t it? 5. What bus is going to Charring Cross Road? |
2. Indefinite Pronouns some, any and no.
(a) We usually use «some» in affirmative (‘yes’) sentences, and «any» in questions and negative (‘no’) sentences.
|
There’s some bread. I’ve got some eggs. |
Is there any bread? Have you got any eggs? |
There isn’t any bread. I haven’t got any eggs. |
(b) «Some» in questions.
When we offer things or ask for things, we usually use «some» in questions.
|
e.g. |
Would you like some coffee? Could you lend me some sugar? |
(с) Compounds of «some», «any», «every» and «no» follow the same rules.
|
somebody something somewhere |
anybody anything anywhere |
everybody everything everywhere |
nobody nothing nowhere |
|
e.g. |
Somebody telephoned when you were out. Would you like something to drink? Have you got anything to read? Everybody is late. |
Drills
Drill 1. I am writing. ..... typing.
- I am typing.
|
1. cooking 2. drawing 3. dancing |
4. singing 5. reading 6. swimming |
7. eating a banana 8. working in the garden 9. having dinner |
Drill 2. We are reading. ..... dancing.
- We are dancing.
|
1. writing 2. working 3. speaking 4. talking |
5. playing 6. running 7. swimming 8. jumping |
9. watching TV 10. listening to music 11. travelling about Italy 12. travelling about France |
Drill 3. He is writing.
- He is reading.
|
1. shaving 2. dancing 3. smoking 4. sleeping |
5. speaking 6. working 7. smiling 8. translating |
9. playing football 10. reading a magazine 11. washing his car 12. painting the kitchen |
|
Drill 4. |
Are you reading?
|
Is he reading?
|
1. Are you cooking?
2. Are you doing your homework?
3. Are you typing?
4. Are you playing the piano?
5. Are you washing your dog?
6. Are you learning English?
7. Are you speaking English?
8. Is Paul driving?
9. Is Nora standing?
10. Are you and your friends having an English class now?
11. Are the students listening?
12. Are they talking?
|
Drill 5. |
Are you going home?
|
Is he coming from Oxford Circus?
|
1. Are you watching TV at the moment?
2. Are you playing volley-ball now?
3. Is Paul eating an apple?
4. Are you speaking Japanese?
5. Are they writing a test?
Drill 6. John is writing. Susan ..... .
- Susan is not writing.
1. Mary is reading. Dick ..... .
2. John is sitting. Nancy ..... .
3. I am driving. She ..... .
4. You are having breakfast. We ..... .
5. They are working. You ..... .
6. You are going home. He ..... .
7. Bob is playing the guitar. Alice ..... .
8. Steve and Phil are eating ice-cream. Peter ... .
9. John is thinking. I ..... .
Drill 7. You are getting cold. She ...
- She is getting cold.
|
1. They 2. It 3. We 4. He |
5. I 6. Miss Fisher 7. The potatoes 8. Your dinner |
9. This room 10. Shirley and I 11. The children 12. My fingers |
|
Drill 8. |
He isn’t eating rice. We
|
|
1. She 2. You 3. I 4. They |
5. The Queen 6. Earl and I 7. The baby 8. The animals |
9. Those guests 10. The Americans 11. The waiter 12. The children |
Drill 9. I am speaking English. ..... you .....?
- Are you speaking English?
1. I am writing. ..... you .....?
2. Henry is reading. ..... Mary .....?
3. John is sitting. ..... Bob .....?
4. We are playing chess. ..... they .....?
5. They are cleaning the house. ..... you .....?
6. Alice and Kate are going home. ..... we .....?
7. Helen is cooking. .... John .....?
8. I am speaking German. ..... Bob and Mary .....?
9. Bob and Mary are talking. ..... Bob and you .....?
10. You are asking the question. ..... he .....?
11. Mary is working. ..... I .....?
12. Roger is thinking. ..... Sue .....
|
Drill 10. |
Is he coming? Yes, he is. They ...
|
|
1. go 2. we 3. win 4. I |
5. lose 6. you 7. come 8. the bus |
9. leave 10. Mr and Mrs Wilson 11. your daughter 12. call |
Vocabulary and Comprehension Exercises
Exercise 1. (Text 1) Answer each question with a complete sentence.
1. It is 7.30. Is Frank having breakfast and listening to music on the radio?
2. Is his wife Alice carrying a tray with coffee on it?
3. It is 11.30. Are Alice and her friends having morning coffee?
4. What are they talking about?
5. Is one of them wearing a very strange hat?
6. It is 12 o’clock. Where is Frank eating?
7. Are a lot of men standing in a queue?
8. What are they waiting for?
9. Is it raining outside?
10. Are Frank and his friends still having a break?
11. Are they standing and talking about a football match this evening?
12. It is 8 o’clock in the evening. Is Frank watching television?
13. What is Susan doing?
14. What is Frank watching?
15. It is 11 o’clock. Is Susan talking to Tom?
16. Where is he phoning from?
Exercise 2. (Text 1) Change each sentence into a special question.
1. Frank is listening to some music on the radio now.
2. Alice is carrying a tray with some coffee on it.
3. Alice and her friends are having morning coffee.
4. Frank is eating in the factory canteen.
5. A lot of men are standing in a queue.
6. It is raining outside.
7. Frank and his friends are still having a break.
8. Frank is watching a football match.
9. Susan is talking to Tom.
10. Tom is phoning from Paris.
Exercise 3. (Text 2) Answer the questions:
1. What is Tina’s mother writing?
2. What is she doing on the beach?
3. What are Tina and Jack doing?
4. Where is Max?
5. What is Tom doing?
6. Are they having a nice holiday?
7. What is Abercwn?
8. Is everybody in Abercwn friendly?
9. Are they doing what they want to do?
10. Is the food lovely?
Exercise 4. (Text 3) Answer the questions.
1. What is Harold doing?
2. Where is Harold coming from?
3. Where is Nancy going to?
4. Is Nancy waiting for a number 24?
5. What are the people at the bus stop doing?
6. Are they also waiting for a bus?
7. Is the bus going to Charring Cross Road?
Exercise 5. Dictation-translation.
|
A: |
1. 7.30. Фрэнк завтракает и слушает музыку по радио. 2. Его жена Элис несет поднос с кофе. 3. 11.30. Элис с подругами пьют утренний кофе. Они разговаривают о своих мужьях. 4. 12 часов. Фрэнк обедает в фабричной столовой. 5. Много людей стоят в очереди. Они ждут обеда. 6. На улице идет дождь. 7. У Фрэнка и его друзей все еще обеденный перерыв. Они стоят и разговаривают о футбольном матче, который состоится сегодня вечером. 8. 8 часов вечера. Фрэнк смотрит футбольный матч. 9. 11 часов. Сюзан разговаривает с Томом. Он звонит из Парижа. 10. Она спрашивает: «Ты хорошо проводишь время?» |
Grammar Exercises
Exercise 1. Which use is expressed in the following sentences:
|
a) an activity happening now, b) an activity happening around now, c) a planned future arrangement. |
1. It’s eight o’clock, Meg. Are you getting ready for school?
2. What time are Pat and Peter coming for dinner tonight?
3. I’m working hard these days.
4. «Where’s Jim?» - «He’s taking the dog out for a walk».
5. Why are you laughing?
6. «What are you doing after school?» - «I don’t know. Why?»
7. I’m learning French at night school.
8. Charles is taking psychology this semester.
9. What are you thinking about?
10. Look! The bus is stopping.
Exercise 2. Write in the «-ing» form of the following verbs.
|
e.g. |
read - swim - come - |
reading swimming coming |
|
1. think 2. wait 3. rain |
4. wear 5. shine 6. smoke |
7. have 8. take 9. get |
10. stop 11. run 12. begin |
Exercise 3. Write what is true for you now, around now, or in the near future.
|
e.g. |
I/study - I/watch TV - |
I’m studying. I’m not watching TV. |
1. I/ sit in class.
2. It/ rain.
3. The sun/ shine.
4. I/ wear jeans.
5. I/ go out tonight.
6. We/ have a holiday soon.
7. My parents/ work.
Exercise 4. Use the frame below to make sentences without changing the verb.
|
Alex I The children We Mr. Peters The Browns |
am working hard is looking at Sally are leaving is knitting are taking history is smoking |
now. right now. in a minute. this year this semester. |
Exercise 5. Change the sentences using the Present Continuous Tense and one of the expressions given in the list below. (now, right now, at this very moment).
1. Kate plays the piano.
2. Miss Gray explains grammar rules.
3. The secretary gives them important information.
4. Dr. Ross stays at the Hilton Hotel.
Exercise 6. Make the following sentences a) negative; b) interrogative.
|
A.
B. |
1. I have some books. 2. There is some news. 3. They want some paper. 4. The boy has some more cake. 5. I see someone there. 6. He knows something. 7. They see somebody at the window.
1. I am expecting a call. 2. The students are listening to the speaker. 3. We are concentrating on French this term. 4. The child is crying. 5. We are dining out tonight. 6. Mr Palmer is painting the house. |
Exercise 7. Make appropriate questions for these answers.
1. Jeff is writing a letter to his parents.
2. The students are working at the library today.
3. Professor Morse is talking to a student in the hall.
Exercise 8. Add tag questions to the following sentences.
1. Nora is seeing her boy friend tonight.
2. The bus isn’t stopping.
3. Peter is having breakfast now.
4. The weather isn’t getting colder.
Exercise 9. Make alternative questions from the following sentences.
1. The students are working in the library. (in the language laboratory)
2. You are studying Swedish. (Norwegian)
3. John is trying to find a telephone number in his note-book. (in the telephone directory)
4. Mrs Carr is going shopping today. (tomorrow)
Exercise 10. Add «some» or «any» as required:
1. There is ... apple juice in the fridge.
2. Are there ... tomatoes in the kitchen?
3. There isn’t ... coffee in my cup.
4. I know ... nice people in Canada.
5. «Please give me ... more pudding.» - «I’m sorry but there isn’t ...».
6. You have ... fine flowers in your garden.
7. Go and ask him for more paper. I haven’t ... in my desk.
8. I’d like ... milk, please.
9. Is there ... cheese in the fridge?
10. Have you got ... American friends?
11. I must have ... ink and ... paper, or I can’t write ... thing.
12. There aren’t ... matches left; we must buy ... more.
13. Would you like ... more coffee?
14. It has never been ... good.
15. He answers my questions without ...hesitation.
Exercise 11. Complete the dialogue with «some, any, no».
Michael: Adam, have we got ...(1) eggs?
Adam: No, I don’t think so.
Michael: Look in the fridge.
Adam: No, there are ...(2) eggs here.
Michael: What about milk?
Adam: No, we haven’t got ...(3) milk. We finished it last night.
Michael: And I suppose we haven’t got...(4) sugar either!
Adam: What do you want to make?
Michael: I want to make ...(5) cakes!
Adam: Well, you can’t! Have another cup of tea and a biscuit.
Exercise 12. Translate from Russian into English.
1. Я встречаюсь с Нэнси завтра в 9 часов.
2. Как раз сейчас они путешествуют по Франции.
3. Ты занимаешься сейчас домашними делами? - Да.
4. Вы сейчас обедаете? - Нет. Мы не обедаем.
5. Мы с братом в данный момент слушаем новости.
6. Она не может подойти к телефону, так как моет голову.
7. Он изучает физику в университете.
8. Что ты делаешь? - В данный момент иду по улице. - А откуда идешь?
9. Что эти люди здесь делают? - Стоят и ждут автобус.
10. Хочешь кофе?
11. У тебя есть что-нибудь почитать?
12. Где Джим? - Он гуляет с собакой.