ВАРИАНТ II
I. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
The “Father of History”. Part II
The great work of Herodotus has been called1 “a universal history”, a history of wars between the Greeks and the barbarians”, and “a history of the struggle between Greece and Persia”. But these titles are too comprehensive. Herodotus, who omits wholly the histories of Phoenicia, Carthage and Etruria – three of the most important among the States existing in his day – cannot have intended2 to compose a “universal history”, the very idea of which belongs to a later age.
He speaks in places as if his object was to record the wars between the Greeks and the barbarians; but as he omits the Trojan War, the wars connected with the Ionian colonization of Asia Minor and others, it is evident that he does not really aim at embracing3 in his narrative all the wars between Greeks and barbarians with which he was acquainted.
His intention was to write of a particular war – the great Persian war of invasion. In tracing the growth of Persia from a petty subject kingdom to a vast dominant empire, he has occasion to set out the histories of Lydia, Media, Assyria, Babylon, Egypt, Scythia, Trace; and to describe the countries and the people inhabiting them, their natural productions, climate, geographical position, monuments, etc.; while in noting the contemporary changes in Greece, he is led to tell of the various migrations of the Greek race, their colonies, commerce, progress in the arts, revolutions, internal struggles, wars with one another, legislation, religious tenets and the like.
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1has been called – была названа
2cannot have intended – не намеривался
3to aim at embracing smth – ставить целью охватить что-либо
Proper Names: Phoenicia [fi’niòi'], Carthage [‘ka:θidz], Etruria [i’tru'ri'], Greece [gri:s], Persia [‘p':ò'], the Trojan War [‘troudz'n].
II. Письменно переведите выделенные слова:
1) the titles are too comprehensive;
2) to set out the histories;
3) to compose a «universal history»;
4) his object was to record the wars;
5) the entire struggle;
6) the contemporary changes;
III. Перепишите и переведите предложения, вставив, где необходимо, предлоги.
1. His intention was to write ….. a particular war.
2. ….. tracing the growth ….. Persia ….. a petty subject kingdom ….. a vast dominant empire he set out the history ….. many ancient states.
3. His object was to record ….. the wars between Greece and the barbarians.
4. He omitted the wars connected ….. the Ionian colonization of Asia Minor.
5. The great work of Herodotus was “a history of struggle ….. Greece and Persia”.
IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения, вставив, где необходимо, артикли.
1. ….. great work of Herodotus has been called “….. universal history”, “….. history of ….. wars between ….. Greeks and ….. barbarians”.
2. Herodotus omits wholly ….. histories of ….. most important States among States existing in his days.
3. His intention was to write of ….. particular war.
4. He has occasion to set out ….. histories of ….. Lydia, ….. Media, ….. Assyria, ….. Babylon, ….. Egypt.
5. He described ….. countries he visited and ….. people inhabiting them.
V. Письменно ответьте на вопросы.
1. How has the great work of Herodotus been called?
2. Why are these titles too comprehensive?
3. Does he aim at embracing in his narrative all the wars between the Greeks and the barbarians?
4. What was Herodotus’ intention?
5. What is he led to tell of?
VI. Образуйте множественное число имен существительных.
Образец: man – men.
Roof, expedition, carriage, match, piano, factory, wolf, day, crisis, datum.
VII. Поставьте прилагательные в скобках в нужной степени сравнения. Предложения переведите.
1. It was (happy) day of my life.
2. It’s (hot) today than it was yesterday.
3. This test was (difficult) than the last test.
4. (Large) the organisation is, (great) the problem of administration becomes.
5. She was much (old) than me.
VIII. Заполните таблицу недостающими формами местоимений.
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me |
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you |
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his |
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her |
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it |
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ours |
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them |
their |
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IX. Вместо точек вставьте соответствующие притяжательные, указательные, вопросительные местоимения. Предложения переведите.
Образец: He gave me … address.
He gave me his address.
Он дал мне свой адрес.
1. They gave us ….. books.
2. I have broken ….. pencil. Please give me ….. .
3. ….. are my magazines and ….. are yours.
4. She has lost ….. pencil.
5. Tell him not to leave ….. ticket; she mustn’t leave ….. either.
6. This is my pencil. ….. is blue.
7. ….. is the population of that town?
8. At ….. moment the door opened and a man entered the room.
9. ….. has taken my pencil?
X. Употребите местоимения some, any, noили их производные.
1. Can you get ….. to do it?
2. I haven’t given ….. their presents yet.
3. He claimed to be an expert, but he knew almost ….. about it.
4. It’s too late. We can’t do ….. to help.
5. I’m sorry, but there’s ….. at home.
XI. Выберите из таблицы нужную форму глагола. Предложения переведите.
was is are there was there is have had has do does
1. We ….. a lecture on history yesterday.
2. I usually ….. a lot of time for them.
3. He ….. in this town last year.
4. ….. much noise in the street.
5. English people ….. many old customs and traditions.
6. ….. thick fog last week.
7. How long ….. it take you to wash and get dressed?
XII. Определите видо-временные формы глаголов в следующих предложениях. Предложения переведите.
Образец: He will return to Moscow in a few days. willreturn – Future Simple
Он вернется в Москву через несколько дней..
1. Herodotus omits wholly the histories of Phoenicia, Carthage and Etrucia.
2. He has occasion to set out the histories of Lydia, media, Assyria …
3. These titles are too comprehensive.
4. He speaks in places as if his object was to record the wars between the Greeks and the barbarians.
5. As to Russian History, I think, we shall start learning the period of capitalism next year.
6. In course of time empires and monarchies gradually came to a downfall.
XIII. Употребите глагол в скобках в Future Simple или Present Simple. Предложения переведите.
1. If the sun (be) red, it is a sign that we (have) a fine day tomorrow.
2. Tell me if you (finish) your article in May and when exactly you (finish) it.
3. I (be) glad if some of these hopes (be) realized.
4. I trust the next mail (bring) better news from home.
XIV. Употребите модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты в следующих предложениях. Предложения переведите.
1. I’m sure he ….. do it.
2. A cat ….. climb trees, but it ….. fly.
3. If you don’t work harder you ….. have your job much longer.
4. When I was young you ….. buy them for under a pound.
5. You ….. stay any longer tonight.
XV. Напишите следующие предложения в вопросительной форме.
1. The great work of Herodotus is a history of wars between the Greeks and the barbarians. (Разделительный)
2. This idea belongs to a later age. (Does … or …?)
3. He omits the Trojan War, the wars connected with the Ionian colonization of Asia Minor. (Does …?)
4. He has occasion to set out the histories of Babylon, Egypt, Scythia. (Who…?)
5. History helps us to forsee the course of events in future. (What …..?)
Test 2
Опровергните следующие утверждения или согласитесь с ними.
Начните свое высказывание следующими выражениями:
ou are quite right… You are mistaken… Quite agree with you… On the contrary.
1. Herodotus, who describes the histories of Phoenicia, Cathage and Etruria cannot have intended to compose a universal history.
2. He speaks as if his object was to record the wars between the Greeks and barbarians, the Trojan war, the wars connected with the Ionian colonization of Asia Minor and others.
3. It is evident that Herodotus does not really aim at embracing in his narrative all the wars between Greeks and barbarians.
4. His intention was to write of a particular war – the great Persian war of invasion.
5. Tracing the history of Persia, Herodotus paid attention to describing all the wars between the Greeks and the barbarians.